In 1943, when publishing her first novel, she began to use the surname Duras, after the town that her father came from, Duras, Lot-et-Garonne. She nursed him back to health, but they divorced once he recovered. Duras' husband, Antelme, was deported to Buchenwald in 1944 for his involvement in the Resistance, and barely survived the experience (weighing on his release, according to Duras, just 38 kg, or 84 pounds). She also became an active member of the PCF (the French Communist Party) and a member of the French Resistance as a part of a small group that also included François Mitterrand, who later became President of France and remained a lifelong friend of hers.
ĭuring World War II, from 1942 to 1944, Duras worked for the Vichy government in an office that allocated paper quotas to publishers and in the process operated a de facto book-censorship system. In 1939, she married the writer Robert Antelme, whom she had met during her studies. After finishing her studies in 1937, she found employment with the French government at the Ministry of the Colonies. She continued her education, earning a diplôme d'études supérieures (DES) in public law and, later, in political economy. At the same time, she took classes in mathematics. In autumn 1933, Duras moved to Paris, graduating with a degree in public law in 1936.
There, Marguerite continued her education at the Lycée Chasseloup-Laubat and completed the second part of the baccalaureate, specializing in philosophy. Duras returned to Saigon in late 1932 where her mother found a teaching post. In 1931, when she was 17, Duras and her family moved to France where she successfully passed the first part of the baccalaureate with the choice of Vietnamese as a foreign language, as she spoke it fluently. The family struggled financially, and her mother made a bad investment in an isolated property and area of rice farmland in Prey Nob, a story which was fictionalized in Un barrage contre le Pacifique ( The Sea Wall). They then moved back to French Indochina when she was posted to Phnom Penh followed by Vĩnh Long and Sa Đéc. Between 19, the family lived in France while her mother was on administrative leave. Marguerite had two older brothers: Pierre, the elder, and Paul.ĭuras' father fell ill and he returned to France, where he died in 1921. Her parents, Marie (née Legrand, 1877–1956) and Henri Donnadieu (1872–1921), were teachers from France who likely had met at Gia Định High School.
Early life and educationĭuras was born Marguerite Donnadieu on 4 April 1914, in Gia Định, Cochinchina, French Indochina (now Vietnam). Her script for the film Hiroshima mon amour (1959) earned her a nomination for Best Original Screenplay at the Academy Awards. Marguerite Germaine Marie Donnadieu ( French pronunciation: , 4 April 1914 – 3 March 1996), known as Marguerite Duras ( French: ), was a French novelist, playwright, screenwriter, essayist, and experimental filmmaker.
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